从大学撤销某些曾经热门的专业谈起 Talking about the Revocation of Some Once Popular Majors in Universities and Colleges

Recently, I noticed some reports that many universities (including some prestigious ones) have started to withdraw some once popular majors, such as English and minor languages, computer science, international trade, etc. It's truly touching to think of similar changes in other industries.

In the 1990s, three new bank branches were opened near my former workplace, and bank branches sprouted up like mushrooms after rain. Subsequently, I found that insurance companies were constantly increasing, and financial and insurance institutions of all sizes were blooming everywhere. This is an inevitable result of economic prosperity, which brings about an urgent demand for various talents in the market, and the most direct impact is the addition of popular majors in universities and colleges and the expansion of student enrollment.

With the changes in the economy and market, many banks and insurance institutions have run out of rice and no business to do. On the one hand, the economy is shrinking, and on the other hand, there are too many monks and too little gruel. How to make a mel withou rice? How many economic activities can support the business of so many financial and insurance institutions in such a fourth tier city? It is inevitable that banks and insurance institutions will be impacted. According to statistics, from August 2020 to Aug. 2024, in just four and a half years, more than 9000 insurance institutions across the country have been disbanded. According to the financial license information of the State Administration of Financial Supervision and Administration, 2681 banking and financial institutions have withdrawn from the market since 2024, including 2057 commercial bank branches, involving multiple levels such as state-owned large banks, joint-stock banks, urban commercial banks, and rural commercial banks. In 2023, a total of 2756 commercial bank branches were withdrawn, an increase of 373 compared to 2383 in 2022, showing an increasing trend year by year.

The result of blind expansion is inevitably rapid shrinkage. The market is such a big cake, and everyone wants to get a share and profit, which will inevitably lead to vicious competition and internal competition, resulting in mutual loss.

If it is understandable that the expansion of financial institutions such as banks and insurance is ultimately influenced by the market, then certain practices of universities and colleges are difficult to explain.

The cultivation of talents can be said to serve the market to a certain extent. But this is ultimately a short-term behavior that can only be limited to a certain small scope, and can also be said to be in line with the needs of the times. For example, considering the urgent demand for foreign language talents in the market, various schools including comprehensive, teacher training, engineering, agriculture, forestry, transportation, etc. have successively opened foreign language majors and expanded student enrollment, which will inevitably lead to a decline in education quality and student level. Everyone is chasing short-term projects and neglecting their inner qualities. How can students trained in this way have higher qualities and levels? How can one showcase their skills in the market?

The purpose of universities should be to teach and cultivate well-rounded talents, rather than offering various training programs that cater to market demand. Universities and colleges should base themselves on their own characteristics, seek truth from facts, and cultivate well-rounded socialist builders and successors with moral, intellectual, physical, aesthetic, and labor development.

前段时间，我注意到一些报道，不少大学（包括一些名牌大学）开始撤销一些曾经很是热门的专业，比如英语及小语种、计算机、国际贸易等专业。联想到其他行业的相似变化，真的是感慨万千。

上世纪九十年代，我原工作单位的附近陆续新开了三家银行网点，银行网点如雨后春笋般发展起来。随后，我便发现保险公司不断增加，大大小小的金融保险机构遍地开花。这是经济繁荣的必然结果，随之带来的是对市场对各类人才的急迫需求，而带来的最直接影响就是高校增设热门的专业和学生的扩招。

可随着经济和市场的变化，许多银行和保险机构已经无米下锅，没有业务可做了。一方面是经济萎缩，另一方面是粥少僧多，就那么大的一个四线城市，有多少经济活动能够支撑那么多的金融保险机构的业务呢？银行和保险机构遭受冲击在所难免，据统计，从2020年2024年8月，短短的4年半时间内，全国已有超9000家保险机构被裁撤。据国家金融监督管理总局金融许可证信息显示，2024年以来已有2681家银行业金融机构退出市场，其中商业银行网点达2057家，涉及国有大行、股份制银行、城市商业银行及农村商业银行等多个层次。2023年全年商业银行网点共退出2756家，较2022年的2383家增加373家，呈现逐年递增趋势。

盲目扩增的结果，必然是快速的萎缩，市场就那么大的一块蛋糕，人人都想去分一杯羹，捞取一点利益，势必会造成恶性竞争、内卷，结果是一损俱损。

如果说银行保险等金融机构的扩增毕竟受市场的影响，情有可原，那么高校的某些做法就令人难以解释了。

人才的培养，在一定程度上，可以说是为市场服务的。但这毕竟是短期的行为，只能局限在某种小的范围内，也可以说是适应时代的需要。比如，看这市场上对外语人才的紧迫需求，各类学校包括综合类、师范类、工程类、农业、林业、交通等都相继开设外语专业，扩招学生，这势必会造成教育质量和学生水平的下降。大家都在追逐短平快的项目，而忽视了内在的东西，这样培养出来的学生又怎能有较高的素质和水平？又怎能在市场上大显身手？

高校的宗旨应是教书育人，培养全面发展的人才，而不是开设迎合市场需求的各类培训班式的专业。高校应立足自身特色，求真务实，立德树人，培养德智体美劳全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人。

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