PREFACE
DIABETES MELLITUS:
DEFINITION:
This indicates increase in blood glucose due to lack or insufficient insulin. Over 220 million people worldwide suffer from it. It can also be described as group of metabolic disorder determined by high blood sugar levels, which can lead to lots of complications if poorly managed or not treated well.
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INCIDENCE IN NIGERIA:
✅ 4-6/100 Adults;
● Type 1: Juvenile onset less than 40 years.
● Type 2: Adult onset more than 40 years.
RISK FACTORS:
• Obesity.
• Age.
• Ethnicity (African, Asian, Caucasians, Caribbeans.)
SYMPTOMS:
| Early Symptoms | Late Symptoms |
|---|---|
| ● Weight loss. | ● Weakness. |
| ● Polyuria. | ● Blurring of vision. |
| ● Polyphagia. | ● Banalities. |
| ● Polydysia. | ● EDI ( Exchange diet insulin). |
COMPLICATION:
▪ Skin infections.
▪ Polyneuropathy.
▪ Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack).
PREVENTION :
- Take more vegetables, fruits and nuts.
- In Diet, reduce sugar intake and carbohydrate.
- Prefer to roast and boil food instead of frying.
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