Beetroot is a fruit which can be consumed as a vegetable either cooked or uncooked. Beetroot can also be called a sweet vegetable, because its taste is slightly sweet. Its fruits are found underground, and beetroot leaves are also used as a vegetable. Many types of nutrients are present in beetroot, which are very beneficial for the human body.
Doctor also recommends consuming the beet to remove blood, indigestion, constipation, anemia, cancer, heart disease, gall bladder disorders, hemorrhoids and kidney disorders. Beetroot used as salad, juice and vegetable. There is a lot of demand of beetroot, due to which farmers can earn good by cultivating brother beet.
To cultivate sugar beet, sandy loam soil is required. Its cultivation should not be done in waterlogged land. In case of waterlogging, problems like fruit rot arise. PH of land in sugar beet cultivation. Value should be between 6 to 7
Cold regions are considered suitable for the cultivation of beetroot, and winter season is considered quite good for the growth of its plants. Beetroot crop does not require much rainfall, due to which excess rainfall can affect its yield. Beetroot plants require normal temperature to germinate, and 20 degree temperature is considered suitable for its growth.
Before harvesting beetroot, the field should be prepared properly. For this, the field should be deeply plowed. After this, the field should be left open for some time, so that the soil of the field gets adequate exposure to sunlight. Since beetroot plants grow by living on the surface of the soil, due to which its roots are not able to absorb minerals at great depth, hence while preparing the beetroot field, proper amount of fertilizer should be given.
Put 15 cartloads of old cow dung manure in the plowed field and do two to three oblique plowings through the cultivator and mix the manure well in the soil. After mixing the fertilizer in the soil, the field should be watered and plowed. After this the field should be left like this for 4 to 5 days. When the soil of the field starts appearing dry from above then do intensive plowing through rotavator.
After this, plow the field by staking it, due to which the land will become level and there will be no problem like waterlogging. After preparing the field, soil should be prepared for planting beetroot plants in it. For chemical fertilizers in sugar beet fields, Nitrogen 40 KG, Phosphorus 60 KG and Potash 80 KG per hectare should be sprayed at the time of last ploughing.
Plants of this variety take three months to become ready. This is a high yielding variety of sugar beet, which produces 250 quintals per hectare.
This variety of beetroot is known for giving high yield in less time. It takes 70 to 80 days for its fruits to be ready. The color of the fruits of this variety of plants is light red outside and inside. It gives a yield of 300 quintals per hectare.
Apart from this, many varieties of beetroot are also found. Which includes Crosby varieties of Early Wonder, Romanskaya, Detroit Dark Red, Mishra
Cold climate is considered suitable for planting beetroot seeds, for this, planting of its seeds should be done in the months of October and November. While planting seeds, one should buy improved quality beetroot seeds and treat the seeds before planting them, which reduces the risk of plant diseases. Approximately 8 kg seeds are required in one hectare field.
Planting of beetroot seeds can be done in both flat and plain land. For planting in flat land, beds should be prepared in the field keeping proper distance. In these beds, seeds are planted in rows keeping a distance of one foot. In this, there should be a distance of one foot between each row and each seed should be planted at a distance of 20 to 25 centimeters. If you want to plant its seeds on the meadow. A distance of one foot must be maintained between the seeds of each field and a distance of 15 cm between each seed.
Beetroot plants require moisture to germinate properly. Therefore, the first irrigation should be done immediately after sowing the seeds, and the amount of water should be reduced after seed germination. To protect the beetroot plants from waterlogging, irrigation should be done at an interval of 10 days.
Chemical and natural methods are used to control weeds on sugar beet plants. If you want to control weeds chemically, then you should spray appropriate amount of pendimethalin immediately after seed planting. After this, weeds are seen in less quantity in the field. If you want to control weeds in the field in a natural way, then for that you should do weeding 15 to 20 days after planting the seeds. After this, weeding should be done from time to time if weeds are seen in the field.
Very few diseases are seen in beetroot plants. There are some diseases which affect its plants. To prevent this, the mentioned measures should be used.
The effect of this leaf spot disease is seen on the leaves of plants. Due to the onset of this disease, initially brown angular spots start appearing on the leaves. As the effect of this disease increases, the leaves start drying up and falling. This disease affects the growth of fruits, due to which the leaves dry up and start falling.
This disease can be prevented by spraying appropriate amount of Agrimycin on beetroot plants.
This insect disease attacks beetroot plants more. The larvae of this insect eat the leaves of the plants and destroy them, and as the attack of the disease increases, the yield reduces. This disease can be prevented by spraying Malathion or Endosulfan in appropriate quantities.
Beetroot plants become ready to yield in three to four months. When its fruits ripen, the leaves of the plants appear yellow. At that time, its fruits should be dug, before digging the fruits, some water should be applied in the field, so that it becomes easier while removing the fruits from the ground. After digging the fruits, wash them thoroughly and clean the soil. After this, they should be dried thoroughly in a shady place and prepared for selling in the market.
Beetroot plants give a yield of 150 to 300 quintals per hectare depending on the different varieties. The market price of beetroot ranges between Rs 20 to Rs 50 depending on the variety and fruit. Farmer brothers can earn a good income of two to three lakh rupees by growing beetroot in one hectare field.