The human brain controls many of the body's conscious functions, including heartbeat and digestion. The nervous system relays messages from the brain to the rest of the body. The brain is connected to the spinal cord, a network of threadlike nerves that runs down the back.
About 80% of the human brain is water
The human brain is 80% water, making it the second-most water-based organ in the body, behind the heart and lungs. Its function and health are dependent on water, and too much or too little can have detrimental effects. Water in the brain circulates between brain cells, blood vessels, and cerebral spinal fluid. It follows an osmotic gradient, and is controlled by proteins called aquaporin channel proteins. These proteins are incorporated into cell membranes as necessary.
There are two hemispheres
The human brain is divided into two hemispheres, one on each side. Although these hemispheres are nearly identical, there are some subtle differences. The left hemisphere is superior for language and association, while the right hemisphere is superior for pitch perception, arousal, and negative emotions.
Each hemisphere is divided by a synapse
Synapses connect brain neurons. Each hemisphere has its own specific functions. Primary sensory areas receive sensory input from the thalamus and serve the senses of vision, hearing, and touch. Secondary sensory areas receive sensory input from the opposite hemisphere.
Synesthesia affects the right side of the brain
Synaesthesia is a neurological condition where the right-sided of the brain experiences different sensory stimuli. It is a condition that is more common in children. However, adults can also experience synaesthesia. Synaesthesia is caused by the failure of neighboring cortical areas to inhibit one another.
Left brain controls the left side of the body
The brain is divided into two parts called the left and right hemispheres. Each hemisphere controls a specific part of the body. For example, if you want to drive a car, the left hemisphere sends a signal to your right foot to press the accelerator. In addition, the two hemispheres are connected by a thick band of nerves called the corpus callosum. These fibers help the brain to communicate with the opposite hemisphere.