This question, "How stupid can people be?" has long fascinated psychologists. In fact, Cornell University psychologist David Dunning has spent 15 years studying the phenomenon. He has developed a systematic regime of inquiry, called "the Stupid Study," to study the nature of stupidity. It's a complex and complicated question.
Stupidity is a complex topic
In this essay, I'll discuss the different types of stupidity. One form is known as ready-made stupidity, which involves a superficial, rote way of thinking without considering the context of that knowledge. A second type is called mechanical stupidity, which is characterized by the refusal to think or ask questions.
Both types of stupidity have similar causes. For example, individuals can be stupid when they are trapped in a flawed algorithm, or because they don't know how to apply the rules of a particular domain. The problem is compounded by the fact that people with extremely rigid mental structures are typically highly partisan. This is why they are drawn to simple, linear chains of reasoning. Politicians and activists are particularly good at building algorithmic thinking structures.
It is shaped by a person's genetics
Some scientists have hypothesized that a person's genetics influence their stupidity. In fact, there are many factors that can influence a person's stupidity, including geography, climate, and social context. While geography plays an indirect role, climate is a more direct factor. For example, in the Middle East, the oppressive heat may have affected the development of indigenous religions.
IQ levels are strongly influenced by a person's genetics, but there are also factors that affect the distribution of genetics. For example, different people can have different genes for different traits, and the mutations that affect someone's intelligence won't be the same in other people.
It is shaped by self-control
Self-control plays a key role in shaping behavior and determining our ability to react to events. Without self-control, we tend to react impulsively and without a sense of rationality. Fortunately, we can develop self-control through a process called pre-exposure.
It is counterproductive
Many people underestimate the power of stupid people, and those who are not stupid don't understand their true effects. While the intelligent and educated contribute to society and are rewarded for it, the stupid and ineffectual sabotage society. Bandits steal from other people, and the helpless are exploited due to their naivety. Whether they are in politics, bureaucracy, or the military, the actions of stupid people are counterproductive to the interests of the individual or society.
It is a sign of cognitive self-awareness
Cognitive self-awareness refers to a person's ability to recognize his or her own biases. People with this trait can identify and avoid situations where they engage in drama. People who have this quality can be more understanding and compassionate toward others. They can also intervene when a social situation is turning hostile.