In this video I provide a quick overview of evolutionary biology, its history, and important processes that affect the genetic characteristics passed down to populations. Evolution is the change in heritable characteristics of populations and is the central organizing concept in mainstream biology. Modern synthesis combines the concepts of evolution by natural selection, genetic variation, and Mendelian inheritance. Natural selection or "survivor of the fittest" is one evolutionary process by which traits are selected for or against in a population. Other processes include genetic drift due to random sampling of a population, for example through migration or breeding, which can eliminate an entire gene in a population. A population or genetic bottleneck is another more extreme process which involves a sharp reduction of a population due to an extreme event.
Time stamps:
- Evolutionary processes: 0:00
- History of evolution: 1:17
- Chart of the history of evolution: 2:07
- Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies remain constant in absence of other evolutionary influences: 4:58
- Diagram for natural selection: 5:49
- Genetic drift is random fluctuations of allele frequencies: 7:34
- Sampling error misrepresents the original population: 8:57
- Genetic drift to do random breeding of dominant genes: 10:05
- Population or genetic bottleneck involves a sharp reduction of population size: 11:54
- Culling is segregating species for desired or undesired traits: 13:24
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