Photo: Jean Demmeni/Universiteit Leiden
The school was a privilege for a handful of people during the Dutch colonial reign. At that time education was still considered the exclusive right of the elite group.
After 1901 the state slowly changed. Ethical politics carried out in the Dutch East Indies encouraged the development of three things, namely Irrigation, Transmigration and Education.
The photo above is a school for the Minangkabau community that has Agam, around 1911. The possibility of this school was founded by the Colonial Government of the Dutch East Indies, because in that year there were not many schools founded by indigenous people.
The photo above was taken by Jean Demmeni, a French-Madura photographer who settled in West Sumatra, and his archive was stored by Leiden University in the Netherlands.
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