Assalamu Alaikum Wa Rahmatullahi Wa Barakatuhu,
Today we will learn more about the children of our beloved Prophet Muhammad (PBUH.)
Here is the summary
Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) had 4 daughters and 3 sons according to the correct and preferred sayings from the biographers, all of whom were born to his first wife, Khadija bint Khuwaylid, except for one son, who was born to Maria al-Qibtiyya, a Coptic Christian woman who was gifted to the Prophet (PBUH) as a slave by the ruler of Egypt. Here are the names and some brief information about each of his children:
Source
Prophet's sons
Qasim: He was Prophet Muhammad's first son, but he died in infancy before the start of Muhammad's prophethood.
Abdullah: He was born after Qasim (Who is also known as Tayyib & Tahir as per the statements of the famous biographers and researchers) and he also died in infancy.
Ibrahim: He was born after the 8th year of migration and he also died before completing two years of his age.
According to tradition, it is also mentioned in the authentic books that on the day of Ibrahim bin Muhammad's death, there was a solar eclipse but it wasn't because of his death according to Islamic beliefs.
Prophet's daughters
Zainab: She was the first daughter of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and Khadija. She was married to Abu al-'Aas ibn al-Rabee, a non-Muslim who later became a Muslim after the conquest of Mecca.
Ruqayyah: She was the second daughter of Prophet Muhammad and Khadija. She was first married to Utba ibn Abu Lahab, a non-Muslim, but the marriage was later annulled. She then married Uthman ibn Affan, who later became the third caliph.
Umm-e-Kulthum: She was the third daughter of Prophet Muhammad and Khadija. She was married to Uthman ibn Affan after the death of her sister Ruqayyah.
Fatima: She was the youngest daughter of Prophet Muhammad and Khadija. She is highly revered by Muslims for her piety, wisdom, and devotion to Islam. She married Ali ibn Abi Talib, the cousin, and son-in-law of Prophet Muhammad, and they had two sons, Hasan and Husayn.
Prophet Muhammad's children played important roles in his life and the early Islamic community. Fatima, in particular, is highly revered by Muslims and is considered one of the greatest women in Islamic history. His descendants through his daughter Fatima and son-in-law Ali are known as the "Ahl al-Bayt" and are highly respected in Islamic tradition.
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Thanks
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Jazakallahu Khair.