Elizabeth Queen

Elizabeth was born in Mayfair, London, as the Duke and Duchess of York's first child (later King George VI and Queen Elizabeth). Following the abdication of her father's brother, King Edward VIII, in 1936, Elizabeth became the heir presumptive. She was schooled privately at home and began doing public tasks during WWII, when she joined the Auxiliary Territorial Service. She married Philip Mountbatten, a former prince of Greece and Denmark, in November 1947, and their marriage lasted 73 years until Philip's death in 2021. Charles, Prince of Wales, Anne, Princess Royal, Prince Andrew, Duke of York, and Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex were their four children.

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When Elizabeth's father died in February 1952, she became queen regnant of seven sovereign Commonwealth countries: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon, as well as Head of the Commonwealth. Elizabeth reigned as a constitutional queen during key political transitions like as the Troubles in Northern Ireland, devolution in the United Kingdom, African decolonization, and the United Kingdom's entrance to the European Communities and exit from the European Union. Her domains' number has fluctuated throughout time as provinces won independence and certain realms became republics. Among her numerous historic tours and meetings are a state visit to the Republic of Ireland in 2011 and visits to or from five popes.

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The Queen's coronation in 1953 was a significant occasion, as were her Silver, Golden, Diamond, and Platinum jubilees in 1977, 2002, 2012, and 2022, respectively. Elizabeth is the longest-serving female head of state, the oldest living and longest-reigning present monarch, and the oldest and longest-serving incumbent head of state. Elizabeth has periodically encountered republican sentiment and royal family newspaper criticism, notably following the collapse of her children's marriages, her annus horribilis in 1992, and the death of her former daughter-in-law Diana, Princess of Wales, in 1997. However, support for the monarchy has been and continues to be strong in the United Kingdom, as has her personal popularity.

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