Great empires throughout history are often more important for the cultural implications they inherited than for the political impact they produced. The political power of an empire always collapses after some time. But the inspirations of language, art, culture and customs that arise from it have survived for many centuries.
The Persian Empire created by Cyrus the Great is one of the earliest great empires in history, and one of the most important empires in Southwest Asia and the Eastern Mediterranean. He was the son of a Persian nobleman, Cambyses, and a Mandaean princess, daughter of Astyages, king of Media. According to legend, King Astyages dreamed that his grandson would become the ruler of all of Asia. Therefore, he tried to kill Cyrus when he was young. But Cyrus, who survived, came to a young age and fought and defeated his ancestors, making his dream come true. Cyrus conquered Babylonia after subduing the Lydian Empire. Chola captured all the Greek cities in Asia. As mentioned in the Bible (II Chronicles 36:22-23 and Ezra1:1-4), he freed the Hebrew people who were imprisoned in Persia.
"Bringing the Head of Cyrus to Queen Tomyris" painting
By the time of Cyrus' death, an empire had been created that stretched from the Hindu Kush mountain range in modern-day Afghanistan to the Indus River and the shores of the Mediterranean. It was in this Mediterranean region that his successors faced the Greeks in a contest that changed world history.
Through the victories of Cyrus, the fertile culture of Persia spread to many developed countries at that time. In the final battle against the Scythian Masgeta, Cyrus' forces were defeated and he was killed. The final defeat of Cyrus was immortalized by the famous Baroque painter Peter Paul Reuben (1577-1640) in a painting of Cyrus bringing the head to Queen Tomyris.
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