The way of internet coming to Sri Lanka... We all thought that it was through satellites.. It is not like that.
Submarine Cables - How Internet Comes Across the Sea
Do you know how to get internet to Sri Lanka? Not from satellites. Sri Lanka, an island, is connected to the world through several cables stretched along the seabed. This is called submarine cables. This is what I am going to say about that..
SEA-ME-WE Cable System..
Among the submarine cables coming to Sri Lanka, the main cable system is called SEA-ME-WE. The letters SEA-ME-WE mean South East Asia - Middle East - West Europe. This cable system runs from France to Singapore. In almost every country in between, an agency (SLT in Lanka) invests money for these cables. The capacity of the cable system is determined according to the amount of the investment made.. Currently, there are SEA-ME-WE 1 to 5 cable systems in the sea.
Copper Cables
Long ago these submarine cables were made of copper. A little less than a foot in diameter. The cable called SEA-ME-WE 1 was the first to come to Sri Lanka. Copper alone. This was near the Colombo Golf Course. SLT had the rights to this from Sri Lanka.
After some time, its capacity was insufficient. Because of that, those countries came together to create the SEA-ME-WE 2 system. This is also copper. The difference was that it had 2 cables. Divided like that, the frequency is divided into two. This is also connected to the golf course. Due to high cost, lack of speed in the future and the advent of optical fiber, copper cables like SEA-ME-WE 1 and SEAMEWE 2 almost all died out.
Fiber Optics..
All the submarine cables that came after that are fiber optics. First, I will briefly explain what fiber optics is.
First of all, there is no wire inside fiber optics. There is a thin glass fiber that is invisible to the eye. Then how to transfer data along this?
Very simple. Any data can be represented by a binary number like 0110101001. You may have seen that in movies. Data can be transmitted using only ones and zeros. Think like this. You are on one bank of the river. A friend of yours is on the other side. You want to text him 0111010. All you do is use a flashlight. If the torch is off 0. If it is lit 1. You torch within a certain time
Off (0) On (1) On (1) On (1) Off (0) On (1) Off (0) The message 0111010 is sent to the friend on the other side. Now he has to decode that binary number and find out what you sent.
The same method is in optical fiber. A high-speed laser beam is sent along the glass fiber. As this turns on and off, the other side recognizes whether it is 1 or 0. If you look at it that way, this is data transmission at the speed of light. Copper wires can't even turn at this speed. So, with time, all submarine cables were switched to fiber. The old copper cable was abandoned in the middle of the sea.
Nowadays, the submarine cables that come to us..
Now there are several submarine cables coming to Sri Lanka. This is all fiber.
- SEA-ME-WE 3 - Its landing station is at Mt. As it is old, its operations will soon stop. SLT has the rights to this in Sri Lanka
- SEA-ME-WE 4 - This is the black reed that goes along the sea on that golf face. If you go to the golf course, don't forget to see SEA-ME-WE 1 and 2 as well. This is also owned by SLT in Sri Lanka. Lanka got the most work from this.
- SEA-ME-WE 5 - This is the newest and fastest one. 100Gbps speed for one wavelength. 80 such wavelengths can be sent. Then the total speed will be about 8 Tbps. But in Sri Lanka, 80 wavelengths will not be used for another 10 years. So currently the maximum speed is 600 Mbps. The landing station is Matara. This is the right of Sri Lanka to SLT
- Dhiraagu - This is not going around the world. This is a point to point connection. This will connect Sri Lanka and Maldives. SLT owned by Sri Lanka
- Bharat Lanka - This is also point to point. This is between Sri Lanka and Tuticorin in India. SLT owned by Sri Lanka.
If there was an error in 3 and 4 before SEA-ME-WE 5 came, we connected to the world through India through this Bharat Lanka. - Bay of Bengal Gateway (BBG) - It goes from UAE to Singapore. This belongs to Dialog in Sri Lanka. The maximum speed is said to be 6.4 Tbps. The landing station is at Mt.
Currently, Sri Lanka is only connected to those 6 submarine cable systems. SLT has the right to 5 of it and Dialog has the right to 1.
What is the journey of these submarine cables along the sea like?
These maps show the route of some of those submarine cable systems.
These usually go from the bottom of the sea. There are separate international organizations with ships and even divers to install and maintain these cables. They are the ones who spread the command in the sea in connection with the submarine cables.
Does a laser light go that far?
When we hit a torch, there is a maximum distance that torch can spread. Someone who is further away cannot see this torch. The laser light that goes along the fiber optics is the same (although it is called a light, this is not a light. For ease of understanding, think of it as a light). Go to this laser light
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