Source

Painstakingly observed oral cavity during diagnosis may reveal findings which are indicative of an underlying systemic condition etiology, which gives room for early diagnosis and treatment.

Proper examination should consists of evaluation for mucosal changes, periodontal inflammation, bleeding, tongue size and its structural and general condition of the teeth and its surrounding soft tissues.

Some bacterial infectious diseases which have oral manifestations
• Tuberculosis
• Scarlet fever
• Tetanus
• Congenital Syphilis

Tuberculosis

Chronic granulomatous infection disease.The initial infection is generally acquired by inhalation of the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis as an aerosol.

Relatively frequent in children. The bacilli primarily infected the lungs, the mouth is secondarily infected.

Oral manifestations:
1- Typical lesion is vegetating, usually painless & irregular.
2-Tongue tip, palate, and tonsils are most frequently affected.
3- Submandibular & cervical lymphadenopathy are frequently infected.

Source

Scarlet Fever

Occurs predominantly in children during the winter months. It occurs mostly in children under 10 years old

It's oral manifestation includes the following;
1- Mucosa of the palatal may appear congested, throat often be fiery red.
2-Tonsils & faucial pillars are usually swollen, sometimes covered with grayish exudates
3- It has a coated “white strawberry tongue” feature.
4- By day 4 or 5 the white coating disappears, revealing the representative raspberry tongue.

Source

Congenital Syphilis

"Congenital syphilis is syphilis that occurs when a mother with untreated syphilis passes the infection to her baby during pregnancy or at birth.It may present in the fetus, infant, or later. Clinical features vary and differ between early onset, that is presentation before 2-years of age, and late onset, presentation after age 2-years."Source

Oral manifestations:
Chancre is the main primary oral lesion (lips, oral mucosa, lateral surface of the tongue, gingiva, and soft palate).

1- It has elevated, ulcerated nodule showing local induration.
2- High-arched palate, short mandible
3- Atrophic glossitis.
4- Hutchinson’s incisor teeth.
5- Spaced anterior teeth.
6- Moon or mulberry molars.

Source

That's all as regards this post, more would be disseminated as information in the subsequent posts on systemic infections that has oral manifestations which usually helps to identify and diagnose potential systemic diseases at the early stage.

Happy Blogging and Reading

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