A Brief Note on Eating Disorders

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An eating disorder is a psychological issues that has to do certain abnormal patterns which can adversely influence a person's physical or mental health.The observed behaviours can be eating either too much or even too little.

Types of eating disorders:
1- Anorexia Nervosa
2- Bulimia Nervosa
3- Binge Eating Disorder (BED)
4- Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)

Anorexia Nervosa:
This is a serious eating disorder characterized by a distorted body image and an intense fear of gaining weight, leading to restrictive eating habits and significant weight loss.

Characteristics:

1. Restrictive eating patterns
2. Significant weight loss
3. Fear of gaining weight
4. Distorted body image
5. Denial of the seriousness of their condition
6. Over fasting owing to fears

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Bulimia Nervosa
: is a serious eating disorder characterized by recurring episodes of binge eating followed by purging or compensatory behaviors to rid the body of consumed calories.

Characteristics:

1. Recurring episodes of binge eating
2. Purging behaviors (vomiting, laxatives, diuretics)
3. Compensatory behaviors (excessive exercise, fasting)
4. Fear of gaining weight
5. Self-criticism and guilt after bingeing
6. Secretive behavior related to eating and purging.

Binge Eating Disorder (BED):
It is a type of eating disorder characterized by recurring episodes of binge eating, which can lead to feelings of guilt, shame, and weight-related problems.

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Characteristics:

1. Recurring episodes of binge eating
2. Eating large amounts of food in a short time
3. Feeling a lack of control
4. Eating rapidly or secretly
5. Being self critical
6. No compensatory behaviors (as compared to Bulimia Nervosa)

Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID)

1. Lack of interest in eating
2. Avoiding foods due to sensory concerns
3. Being underfed due to nutritional content concerns or fears
4. Significant weight loss or nutritional deficiencies

Causes of Eating Disorders

1. Genetic predisposition: Family history and genetic factors can contribute.
2. Sociocultural pressures: Unrealistic beauty standards and societal expectations.
3. Emotional and psychological factors: Low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, and trauma.
4. Environmental factors: Family dynamics, peer influence, and media exposure.
5. Biological factors: Hormonal imbalances, nutritional deficiencies, and medical conditions.

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Treatment Options for Eating Disorders

1. Psychotherapy: Cognitive- behavioral therapy (CBT), family-based therapy (FBT), and individual therapy.
2. Nutrition counseling: Working with a registered dietitian to develop a healthy meal plan.
3. Use of relevant medications such as antidepressants, anti-anxiety, tranquilizers, mood stabilizers and so on.
4. Hospitalization: In patient treatment for severe cases, providing 24/7 care and support.
5. Support groups: Group therapy and online forums for individuals and families.

Awareness and Advocacy

• Educate others about eating disorders
• Reduce stigma and promote understanding
• Support individuals and families affected
  Be an Advocate

Healthy Eating Habits

1. Take complete classes of food in the appropriate proportions daily such as fruits, vegetables, milk, fat and oil, water among others
2. Drink clean and plenty of water throughout the day.
3. Watch portion sizes: Eat until satisfied, not stuffed.
4. Limit processed foods: Choose whole, unprocessed foods whenever possible.
5. Eat regularly: Three main meals and one or two snacks per day.
6. Avoid excessive sugar and salt: Limit added sugars and sodium.
7. Use fresh ingredients for cooking
8. Mindful eating: Pay attention to hunger and fullness cues, savor food.

That's all as regards brief notes on common eating disorders and happy reading

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